fastmac
Get a MacOS or Linux shell, for free, in around 2 minutes
I don't have a Mac, but I often want to test my software on a
Mac, or build software for folks using Macs. Rather than shelling
out thousands of dollars to buy a Mac, it turns out we can use
GitHub Actions to give us access to one for free!
fastmac makes this process as simple as possible. Note
that this only gives us access to a terminal shell, not a full GUI.
See below for how to get started. Here's a little video that shows
all the steps (click it for a full-size version):
NB: Please check the GitHub Actions Terms of Service. Note that your repo needs to be public, otherwise you have a strict monthly limit on how many minutes you can use. Note also that according to the TOS the repo that contains these files needs to be the same one where you're developing the project that you're using it for, and specifically that you are using it for the "production, testing, deployment, or publication of [that] software project".
Clone template
First, click here to create a copy of this repo in
your account. Type fastmac under "repository name" and
then click "Create repository from template". After about 10
seconds, you'll see a screen that looks just like the one you're
looking at now, except that it'll be in your repo copy.
NB: Follow the rest of the instructions in repo
copy you just made, not in the fastai/fastmac
repo.
Run the mac workflow
Next, click
here to go to the GitHub actions screen for the
mac workflow, and then click the "Run workflow"
dropdown on the right, and then click the green "Run workflow"
button that appears.
Access the shell using ssh or browser
After a few seconds, you'll see a spinning orange circle. Click the "mac" hyperlink next to it.
On the next screen, you'll see another spinning orange circle, this time with "build" next to it. Click "build".
This will show the progress of your Mac that's getting ready for you. After a while, the "Setup tmate session" section will open, and once it's done installing itself, it will repeatedly print lines like this:
WebURL: https://tmate.io/t/rXbusP3qkYsfALDSLMQZVwG3d
SSH: ssh [email protected]
Copy and paste the ssh line (e.g ssh
[email protected] in this case) into
your terminal (Windows users: I strongly recommend you use WSL if possible) and press
Enter.
You'll see a welcome message. Press q to remove it, and you'll be in a Mac shell! The shell already has brew installed, so you can easily add any software you need.
Instead of using ssh in your terminal, you can paste the "WebURL" value into your browser, to get a terminal in your browser. Whilst this is adequate if you're in a situation that you can't access a terminal (e.g. you have to do some emergency work on your phone or tablet), it's less reliable than the ssh approach and not everything works.
Stop your session
Your session will run for up to six hours. When you're finished, you should close it, since otherwise you're taking up a whole computer that someone else could otherwise be using!
To close the session, click the red "Cancel workflow" on the
right-hand side of the Actions screen (the one you copied the
ssh line from).
Use a Linux (Ubuntu) shell
If you need to access a Linux shell, instead of MacOS, follow all the same steps as above, except click this link instead of the one mentioned above. And click "linux" instead of "mac" to access your session.
Using ssh to connect to other servers
You can ssh from your fastmac/linux instance to your servers.
First you have to set up a GitHub secret containing the ssh private
key needed to connect to your server. To set one up, click here to
create a new secret, name it SSH_KEY (it must be that
exact name), and paste your private key file (e.g.
~/.ssh/id_rsa) contents as the value. Save your
secret, and then when you connect using the fastmac/linux steps,
you'll find that your terminal has your key ready for use.
NB: anyone who has access to your GitHub
account can access your SSH_KEY contents by running
this action. Therefore, you should only use a key which is not
security sensitive, or at the very least ensure that it is password
protected with a strong password.
Auto-configuration of your sessions
In your fastmac repo, edit the
script-{linux,mac}.sh files to add configuration
commands that you want run automatically when you create a new
session. These are bash scripts that are run whenever a new session
is created.
Furthermore, any files that you add to your repo will be available in your sessions. So you can use this to any any data, scripts, information, etc that you want to have access to in your fastmac/linux sessions.
Behind the scenes
fastmac is a very thin wrapper around tmate, so all the features
of tmate are available. tmate itself is based on tmux, so
you have all that functionality too. In practice, that means other
people can connect to the same ssh session, and you'll all be
sharing the same screen! This can be very handy for debugging and
support. The integration with Github Actions is provided by
action-tmate.